<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-night-mode-disabled vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="en" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Pattern-oriented modeling</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern-oriented_modeling"> <link href="./mw/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/user.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Pattern-oriented_modeling rootpage-Pattern-oriented_modeling skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">
<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pattern-oriented modeling</span></span>
</h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p><b>Pattern-oriented modeling</b> (<b>POM</b>) is an approach to bottom-up <a href="Complex_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Complex systems">complex systems</a> <a href="Systems_analysis" title="Systems analysis">analysis</a> that was developed to <a href="Systems_modeling" title="Systems modeling">model</a> complex ecological and <a href="Agent-based_model" title="Agent-based model">agent-based</a> systems. A goal of POM is to make ecological modeling more rigorous and comprehensive.<sup id="cite_ref-IndividualBasedModelingAndEcology_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IndividualBasedModelingAndEcology-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>A traditional ecosystem model attempts to approximate the real system as closely as possible. POM proponents posit that an ecosystem is so information-rich that an ecosystem model will inevitably either leave out relevant information or become over-parameterized and lose predictive power.<sup id="cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through a focus on only the relevant patterns in the real system, POM offers a meaningful alternative to the traditional approach.
</p><p>An attempt to mimic the <a href="Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">scientific method</a>, POM requires the researcher to begin with a pattern found in the real system, posit hypotheses to explain the pattern, and then develop predictions that can be tested. A model used to determine the original pattern may not be used to test the researcher's predictions. Through this focus on the pattern, the model can be constructed to include only information relevant to the question at hand.<sup id="cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingInpopulationEcology_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PatternOrientedModelingInpopulationEcology-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>POM is also characterized by an effort to identify the appropriate <a href="Temporal_scales" title="Temporal scales">temporal</a> and <a href="Spatial_scales" class="mw-redirect" title="Spatial scales">spatial scale</a> at which to study a pattern, and to avoid the assumption that a single process might explain a pattern at multiple temporal or spatial scales. It does, however, offer the opportunity to look explicitly at how processes at multiple scales might be driving a particular pattern.<sup id="cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>A look at the trade-offs between model complexity and payoff can be considered in the framework of the <a href="Medawar_zone" title="Medawar zone">Medawar zone</a>. The model is considered too simple if it addresses a single problem (e.g., the explanation behind a single pattern), whereas it will be considered too complex if it incorporates all the available biological data. The Medawar zone, where the payoff in what is learned is greatest, is at an intermediate level of model complexity.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2></div>
<p>Pattern-oriented modeling has been used to test <a href="A_priori_and_a_posteriori" title="A priori and a posteriori">a priori</a> hypotheses on how herdsman decide which farmers to contract with when grazing their cattle. Herdsman behavior followed the pattern predicted by a 'friend' rather than 'cost' priority hypothesis.<sup id="cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-IndividualBasedModelingAndEcology-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IndividualBasedModelingAndEcology_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimm, V.; Railsback S.F. (2005), <i>Individual-based Modeling and Ecology</i>, <a href="Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingOfAgentBasedComplexSystems_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimm, V.; Revilla, E.; Berger, U.; Jeltsch, F.; Mooij, W.M.; Railsback, S.F.; Thulke, H.H.; Weiner, J. Wiegand, T.; DeAngelis D.L. (2005), "Pattern-oriented modeling of agent-based complex systems: lessons from ecology", <i><a href="Science_(journal)" title="Science (journal)">Science</a></i>, 310: 987-991</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-PatternOrientedModelingInpopulationEcology-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PatternOrientedModelingInpopulationEcology_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Grimm, V.; Frank, K.; Jeltsch, F.; Brandl, R.; Uchmariski, J.; Wissel C. (1996), "Pattern-oriented modeling in population ecology", <i>The Science of the Total Environment</i>, 183: 151-166.</span>
</li>
</ol></div></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}
/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="refbegin" style="">
</div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2023-09-07" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Pattern-oriented_modeling&oldid=1174276389">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body></html>